Sowing Density Effects of Various Leguminous Intercrops on Maize Yield in Côte d'Ivoire

Anique Gbotto, Bi Tra Doubi, Gwladys Gnamien, Kouakou Georges Yao, Amoin N’Guessan, Gnigouan Rolland Anzara, Jean Yao and N’Dri Kouassi

Background and Objective: Maize is a key crop in Côte d'Ivoire. Indeed, it is a major contributor to food security. However, its production is on the decline due to poor farming practices. That is why urgent measures must be taken to increase its yields. This study was carried out to improve maize productivity using an intercropping system. Materials and Methods: The experiment consisted of determining which of the two cropping associations (maize-groundnut and maize-cowpea) would result in higher maize yields. The experimental design used was a completely randomized block with three factors (density, spacing, crop) and three replications. For each factor, the modalities studied were spacing (20×20 cm and 40×40 cm), sowing density (1 seed/hole and 2 seeds/hole) and species (maize, groundnut and cowpea). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and Fisher’s least significant difference procedure (LSD) method. A significance level of p<0.05 was used to determine statistical differences. Results: The maize-groundnut association was better than the maize-cowpea association. However, for this combination, groundnut seedlings should b e sown at one seed per hole with 40x40 cm spacing on the rows and between rows. Maize should also be planted at one seed per hole with a spacing of 40×40 cm. Conclusion: Leguminous can therefore improve maize yield, however, some growing practices must be followed to ensure the success of this combination.

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